A System Design for Distributed Energy Generation in Low-Temperature District Heating (LTDH) Networks
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5334/fce.44Keywords:
Low-temperature district heating, smart heat networks, distributed generation, prosumer, community energyAbstract
Project SCENIC (Smart Controlled Energy Networks Integrated in Communities) involves connecting properties at the University of Nottingham’s Creative Energy Homes site in a community scale, integrated heat and power network. The system will use distributed generation to develop the prosumer concept, where consumers are both buyers and sellers of energy in both heat and power systems.
The first of its kind, the system consisting of a network flow loop to supply heat to homes, and a generation loop to collect energy from residential heating systems and supply it to a thermal store.
To achieve the design, steady state heat load and dynamic building modelling have been used. A pre-insulated pipe was sized using flow rate calculations. The diameter ranges from 40 to 25 mm, with a heat loss as low as 7.0 W/m. In addition, flow rates will fluctuate below a maximum of 1.99 l/s.
A standard heat interface units (HIU) has been selected as the network-building link, to satisfy a calculated peak design heating loads of between 36.74 and 44.06 kW. Furthermore, to enable the prosumer concept and associated business models an adapted HIU was selected to interface the distributed heat sources with the network.
This paper gives details of the concept, energy flows, calculated and modelled results for the heat network. A premise is given to maintaining low temperatures in the network to ensure system efficiency in line with the latest research thinking.
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms (if a submission is rejected or withdrawn prior to publication, all rights return to the author(s)):- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Submitting to the journal implicitly confirms that all named authors and rights holders have agreed to the above terms of publication. It is the submitting author's responsibility to ensure all authors and relevant institutional bodies have given their agreement at the point of submission.
Note: some institutions require authors to seek written approval in relation to the terms of publication. Should this be required, authors can request a separate licence agreement document from the editorial team (e.g. authors who are Crown employees).